avest



- UNITED STATES lPATENT @wie i.

Ai-:oiunALn n'. .12A u in. .men DANIEL L. Hicisknili.,l or viren-L1.vi:1,1 WEST VIRGINIA; .min iii'lnkiiii'ln Ansinnen Loc K.

SPECIFICATION ormingpart @f Letters Patent No. 327.715, dated October 6, 1885.

A pplienlnn llml Jannnry 22, 18H5. Serin] No. lfn. (Model.) i

To all whom t ntl/ ly amwervz.-

Be it known that we, Aiufirimtn W. PAULL and DANIEL L.v yl .l 1f.i. 1 iy:i.r.. o1' Wheel-` ing, in the county of Ohio und Sinto of West Virginia, have invented :t non' :ind useful Im` proveniont in Locks; und wedoherebydeelure the following to he :t full, ele-nr, und exact description thereof. reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in whichof the lock fitted upon a. door and in eonnec- Figure 1 is n vertical .longitudinal section tion with a. holt, (t, the holt being vshot and the 'door locked. Fig. 2 is a. similar view of onrimprrweinont when nnioeked. 'Fig 3ds'- an end view of the lock.' Figs. 4, 5, G, 7, 8, and 9 are views of detached parte. Fig. 10 is a. vertical sentir-mtl` view of a. padlock illustrating the application ol' our improvement to it. Fig. 11 is :t horizontal cross-section on the line :mv of Fig. 10. Fig. 12 is e plan yiew of the key. y l

Like letters of .reference indicate like parts wherever they oeeu r.

Inthe drawingsfb represents a cylindrical metallic ense or barrel, which is adapted to he set within a hole in the door a', endto be securelyl riveted .or otherwise fastened therein. The inner end of the barrel is open, and the outer end. ie closed, except a circular and central hole, b', into which the key is inserted. \Vithin the bore of thelinrrel b is'a longitudinul frame, e, Whiehnf.; shall denominate the eylinder. It is revnluhle on its longitudi-v nal axis Within the man, :nidulans a. key or Shank, c", projecting through the open end of ,lateral movement by notion of.l.l1e.keye;isor` .i thatn-hen the door 'stloekeghthey nmylpro ject l'igoin thositle. site lvslots, Iffon tl "When jritthis posi .f i the onine i, they will hold; the feyL in the fcaseuud ftoni'retreeting thelfiolt Inl unlocking the doer; v.gliel-reet'er, 'the n hlersthe tumblers-are shown.

' sists of n atplntehavingaprojeeting tongue,v l

aeenen or proye tipp; theretl'n'pngli-,v4 there may. be aeontinuous slot in the boltu. so as to `draw it back.' XVe will now describeour vimprovement.i detail.

rods, c, and on meende thereof are disks fr" c-,to which the-, side plat-es are SecuredL by;

l revolution of thefeylindert:ind hyftniningtllo key still farther it-rerolycs andante upon the.:

assin them throdh,trnnverse slots o'r one g L i.

or both'of these `diSks muy he feast integratie@ with the plates..V The key-shank o is preferf y ably made of one piece ,xi'iththe inner-disk, c, and placed' at rightangles.thereto. Beth.I

the disks 'are of 4 the-.Saine diameter, as thehoz-@r f of the ease 5,450 thetthey 'maybe rota-ted 65 therein, yet firmlyandivithoutfeny lost side motion. Between the disks c and e* isnnf other disk', ci', in `which is :t emztllhole, e,

whose purpose iste actA es :t hearing Within.

which the end of the. key e may turn'.

The tuinblers d zld? diffot the lock .are illus trat-ed in Figs..7 amd 8, 'i n Which-certainfof;

Each 'of them coun d, and they are-pleed; betweenthe sidepieeesy 75 ofthe cylinder c so that when the 'cylinder ward one ot' the slots .in tlieeuseji. I- lletuni-` kis in position'theirtongues shallextendlto` j hlers are snperpoeed one 'upon KVAthe otlierfiu v the cylinder so that their tongues shell alter- So 1oek,`u-nd whose widthis yibout. one-helfol' that of the key. The niiddlekoff the s lot should www,lime-.tothe@nettimeenfilent en lwhich lsthe ftheitmnblev @presento th nesftion. with.; wei if:

.t gib. iS that are. retracted .the width of t hie'y continuoufsj lslot maybe ahontlonefth; ...t 'ofvthnt ofthe key,

andthat whenk -they.pmjeet into thesides' ol' thickness ot' the key. Thisl will be more fully understood hereinafter. ,lts oliject. is to prevent the insertion of any instrument thicker than the key into the lock, and also to make the movement ot' the tumblers positive.

The key is ot' the form shown in Fig. 12, and has on bothedges notches corresponding to the situation ot' the tuinhlcrs, so that as the key is turned in the key-hole it may actas a cani to throw the tongues ot` the tuinblers out- -ward, but that as the edges ot' the tumblcrs tit into the. notches the length ol' the throw may depend np'on the length of the eccentric partei' the key at that point. In the drawings there are shown lour tuniblers. the tongues of two ol' which, I d', operatetoward the lett-hand slot. while the others, yd2 d, act toward the other side.

'llie tuinhlers are for convenience sake scpuratcd l'roin each other by interposed washers da, ortliet uninlers themselves may heprovidcd with upturned tlanges d",uponwhich the next tumbler sits, thus separating them somewhat t'roin each other.V The key e* is also provided with the notches e c e c, which correspond in situation withthose of the several tumblers z'.e.,thenotche isniadeso thatwlienthe key isili the lock and is turned it may embrace the side of the slot 1.7" next to the tongue d* of the tumbler d. then act as a cani, and will move the tumbler laterally for a distance equal to thc space between the axis of the key and the end ot' the notch. lhe'otlicr notch, e', on the saine side ot' thc key, and the notches 0* e on the other side, are niade in like manner andof dlil'crent.

4ieii;,'ths, so that their tumblei's may have unequal lateral motions. Opposite to cach ot' these notches are other deeper notches, e, whose depth is such that the intermediate unent parts o`t' the key may be a little less than the width ot' the key-liolc niadc hy the superposition ofthe slots in the tuinblers. v '.lhe, result is that the key will only act on one side ot' these slots, and that as it is turned its cams will act on a ditl'erentA side ot' cach of an adjacent pai rot' tuniblers,tlius causing thetongues.

of sonic of thc tumblers to move to the right and others to the left,l The notch ets on the side of the slot d5, and as it (the notch e") is deeper than its opposite notch, c", tliekey will not act on the tumbler on that sid i'. The notches c c e e may be made ot any depth desired, and the 'shorter they are'the greater willlbc the throw ofthe cani. lVhen the size ol' the notch is reduced to zer'o, the cam will have the greatest motion. The notch 'should not, oi' course, extend beyond the axis ofthe key. The key being thus made, the length ot' cach ofthe tuniblers is so constituted that when they arc'retracted hy a partial turn of the key,

as 'shown in Fig. il, the key then having its tla't side in the plane ot' their line ot motion, they niayhe all tlush with the surface of the cylinder c and just within the case b. rlhc cylinder Ais then t'ree to turn and to unlock the It is evident that the key willstop.

ot' the saine lengths, so as to retract each tuinf bler the proper distance.

In order to prevent the door from being unlocked hy inswting a key each ol' whose cams has as large a. throw as the longest oi' the tongues di, we provide each of the tuniblezsl with an opposite tongue, di, which is ot' such length that when the tongue d* is tlusli with one side o1' the case b, and just out. of the slo` therein, the other tongue may occupy the saine position with relation to the opposite slot. I t, then, the tuinhler is given a larger motion than is just snllicicnt to draw hack the tongue d* troiii the slot (il, the opposite tongue, d, will move iito i't-s slot, and by engaging t-lic sides tliereot' will eil'cctually prevent the cylinder c from being turned.

The length of' cach ot' the eanis on the key -ninst therefore correspond exactly with the lengths ot' the operative parts of the tongues d4 on the several tunihlers, and the key must be turned for'a certain distance in ord'cr to put the parts in readiness t'or opi-ning the lock. Since thcsitiiation and iiniiiber ofthe tuinblers and size ot' their tongues may be varied at will it is evident that. it will he impossible to pick a lock of the kind we have described when caret'nlly inadc. f

In order to secure the proper turn ol' the key iii any lock,thc slot fi in the inner iixed disk, c, is broadened at the top,so that when the k'ey is turned the desired distance to retractI the tiiiublers it may strikethcsidc ot' the slot and The key at this point may be suitably notched so as-to pass over t-lie.1ower part ol' the disk; or any other convenient forinot stop may be provided, as desirable.

The slotted disk c is covered by a loose disk, b", which is in contact therewith, and also abuts against the end ol' the case b, in this manner closing the circular hole therein. The

disk b has a cciitra-l slot of the sizc'of the key e, and when the key is turned in the lock the disk will revolve freely with it.

Thus constructed the operation of the lock is asfollows: rllic key c* is inserted through the slot-ted disk d and through the several slotted tumblcrs and rinterposed washers until the point of the key rests within the holc in fixed plate cf. lhc'key 'is then given a turn to the right, (a one-fourth turn is show ii in the drawings,) and inturning, the cams on one side ot' the key will act on the tuinhlers al d, moving theni to'the lel't and in from the slots b", while the cams on the other side thereof operate the tuniblcrs d d, similarly forcing them tothe the parts into positions a key, by the 4rotation of which the said tuniblers may be moved beyond the' limits of said frame, or inward within the limits of the same, said tumblers being ot' a length substantially equal to the diameter of the frame, so that a too great inward movement of the tumblers will cause them to project from the oppositesde of the frame, substantially as and for the purposes described.

3. The combination, in a loclgoi'a rotatory cylinder or frame mounted within an outer recessed case, and several superposed slottedsliding tnmblers arranged in said cylinder so that their slots will form a continuous passage for the insertiolrof a key, said key having earns of unequal radii, which in turning the key engage said tumblers and move them out of and into said recesses, the projecting portions of each of said tumblers being of a length proportioned to the throw of the proper cani on the key7 substantially as and for the purposes described. A

In testimony whereof we have hereunto seb our hands this 26th day of November, A. D. 188i.

ARCHIBALD NV. PAULL. DANIEL L. HElSKETlL. \Vitnesses:

B. B. DoBnINs,

ALFD. FAULT.= 

